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Recommended resources
- Filatelia.fi – Details about expertizers of French Colonies
- Fournier Forged Postmarks – Madagascar
- Hirschburger Forgeries of French Colonies – Navigation & Commerce issues of 1882-1913 by R. Gratton
- Side-by-side comparison of Hirschburger forgery to genuine stamp
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Literature
For further research
- 1-7. Provisional issues, surcharged French Colonies “Alphee Dubois” stamps, 1889-91. Fournier forgeries and fraudulent postmark: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.229 (Yvert 1-7). Fournier fraudulent postmark: A.J.C.Vaurie, “Know Your Forgeries” column, The France and Colonies Philatelist (U.S.), Vol. 3 (November-December 1943): 3. See also French Colonies, 46-59.
- 8-13. Typeset issue of 1891. Forgeries and fraudulent postmarks. The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, pp.229,30 (Yvert 8-13). Fournier and other false cancellations: A.J.C.Vaurie, “Know Your Forgeries” column, The France and Colonies Philatelist (U.S.), Vol. 3 (November-December 1943): 3,4.
- 22A-22D. Majunga issue, 1895. Fournier fraudulent postmark: A.J.C.Vaurie, “Know Your Forgeries” column, The France and Colonies Philatelist (U.S.), Vol. 3 (November-December 1943): 3; The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.230 (Majunga).
- 23-27. Provisional issue of 1896. Forged surcharge and postmarks. The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.230 (Yvert 23-27). A.J.C.Vaurie, “Know Your Forgeries” column, The France and Colonies Philatelist (U.S.), Vol. 3 (November-December 1943): 3. Fournier fraudulent postmark: Frank Aretz, Know Your Stamps, Vol. II, p.45.
- 28-47. The “Group type issue”, 1896-1906. Perforations of the (Fournier) forgeries are reversed: Scott Classic Specialized Catalogue. For forgeries of this issue, also see: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.98, second column. Fournier fraudulent postmarks: H. Bynof-Smith, Forged Postage Stamps of Europe and Colonies, Vol. 1, p.101. Fournier and other fraudulent postmarks: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.230 (Yvert 23-27 and 28-47).
- 115-21. Provisional issue of 1912. Forged surcharge. H. Bynof-Smith, Forged Postage Stamps of Europe and Colonies, Vol. 1, pp.100,1.
- 147-65A. Definitive issue, 1930-44. False postmark: Bob Maddocks, “A Fantasised Cameroun Francaise Canceller Used on Madagascar Stamps“, Vol. 58 (March 2008): 25,26.
Source: The Tedesco Index