1,2. Issue of 1860. The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.32 (Yvert 1-5). Robson Lowe and Carl Walske, The Oneglia Engraved Forgeries, pp.42,43. J. Dorn (Publisher), The Forged Stamps of all Countries, pp.82,79. Orange reprint of the imperforate stamp: The Encyclopedia of British Empire Postage Stamps 1661-1947, Vol. V, p.576. Forgeries of the perforated stamp: Oneglia and Spiro Brothers forgeries: BNA Reference Manua; E.A. Smythies, B.N.A. Fakes And Forgeries, p.27; Alden C. Johnson, Forgeries Old and New, Vol. 2, p.4.
3-6. Vancouver Island issue of 1865. E.A. Smythies, B.N.A. Fakes And Forgeries, pp.26,27. Spiro Brothers, Sperati and another forgery of the imperforate stamps: The Encyclopedia of British Empire Postage Stamps 1661-1947, Vol. V, p.578. Sperati forgeries of the imperforate stamps: British Philatelic Association (Publisher), The Work Of Jean De Sperati, pp.33,34 and Plate 2; Robson Lowe, “Sperati and His Craft – VII”, The Philatelist, Vol. 20 (November 1953): 36-39. Robson Lowe and Carl Walske, The Oneglia Engraved Forgeries, pp.42,43. Fakes of the imperforate stamps made from 5 and 6: Winthrop S. Boggs, “Vancouver Island: The 5c. and 10c. Imperforate Stamps of 1865: A Study in Criteria”, The London Philatelist, Vol. 71 (February 1962): 26,27. J. Dorn (Publisher), The Forged Stamps of all Countries, p.82. See stamps below for additional citations.
3. 5c rose, imperforate, Vancouver Is. stamp, 1865. Sperati forgery: Mercer Bristow, “Sperati forgery even has the right watermark”, Stamp Collector, Vol. 73 (August 2, 1999): 2,4; the forgery and die proof: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of B.N.A. Fakes, Forgeries & Counterfeits, Series II – Release 1: A detailed study of the B.N.A. forgeries of Jean de Sperati (Self published, Chilliwack, British Columbia, 2001), with Supplement No. 1, December, 2002, an inventory of his British Columbia forgeries is in the Supplement. Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
4. 10c imperforate stamp, 1865. Spiro Brothers, Oneglia, Sperati and others forgeries: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. Sperati trial print and die proof: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of B.N.A. Fakes, Forgeries & Counterfeits, Series II – Release 1: A detailed study of the B.N.A. forgeries of Jean de Sperati (Self published, Chilliwack, British Columbia, 2001), with Supplement No. 1, December, 2002, an inventory of his British Columbia forgeries is in the Supplement.
5. 5c perforated stamp, 1865. Spiro Brothers forgery. Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
6. 10c perforated stamp, 1865. Spiro Brothers forgery. Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
Crown and CC watermark faked by Oneglia. Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
7-18. British Columbia issues, 1865-69. Spiro Brothers forgeries of basic stamps and surcharges: David F. Sessions, “BNA Classics – The Darker Side”, Gibbons Stamp Monthly (Second Series), Vol. 26 (May 1996): 29-31. Spiro Brothers forgery of stamp and postmarks: E.A. Smythies, “The Spiro Forgeries of BNA”, The London Philatelist, Vol. 82 (May 1973): 110, continued at (June 1973): 137, on p.110. Forgeries of the 3p of 1865 and the Provisionals, 1867-69: E.A. Smythies, B.N.A. Fakes And Forgeries, pp.26-31,101. Oneglia forgeries and false postmarks: Robson Lowe and Carl Walske, The Oneglia Engraved Forgeries, pp.42,43. Four forgeries of the surcharge, genuine and fraudulent postmarks: Reverend R.B. Earée, Album Weeds/ How to Detect Forged Stamps (Third Edition), Vol. 1, pp.145,46. Oneglia and Panelli forged surcharges distinguished: Carl Walske, “New Studies of Oneglia/Panelli Engraved Forgeries”, Fakes Forgeries Experts journal, No. 9 (May 2006): 51-60. See stamps below for additional citations.
7. 3p Seal stamp of 1865. Spiro Brothers and Oneglia forgeries: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. N. Imperato and other forgeries: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.32 (Yvert 6,7). Three forgeries and genuine and fraudulent postmarks: Reverend R.B. Earée, Album Weeds/ How to Detect Forged Stamps (Third Edition), Vol. 1, pp.143-45. J. Dorn (Publisher), The Forged Stamps of all Countries, pp.82,83. Alden C. Johnson, Forgeries Old and New, Vol. 2, p.5. Oneglia and Panelli fraudulent cancellations on Oneglia forgeries: Carl Walske, “New Studies of Oneglia/Panelli Engraved Forgeries”, Fakes Forgeries Experts journal, No. 9 (May 2006): 51- 60.
8. 2c on 3p, 1867. Spiro Brothers and Oneglia forgeries of base stamp and three forgeries of surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
9,14. 5c Provisional stamps, 1869. Spiro Brothers forgery of base stamps and surcharge and Oneglia forgery of both base stamp and surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
10,15. 10c Provisional stamps, 1867 and 1869. Spiro Brothers, Oneglia and other forgeries of both base stamps and surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. Senf brothers facsimile of 10 or 15: Varro E. Tyler, “The Gebrüder Senf Facsimiles”, The American Philatelic Congress Book 34 (1968): 192.
11,16. 25c Provisional stamps, 1869. Spiro Brothers and Oneglia forgeries of base stamps and surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits.
12,17. 50c Provisional stamps, 1867 and 1869. Spiro Brothers, Oneglia and other forgeries of base stamps and surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. Senf brothers facsimile of 12 or 17: Varro E. Tyler, “The Gebrüder Senf Facsimiles”, The American Philatelic Congress Book 34 (1968): 192.
13,18. $1 Provisional stamps, 1867 and 1869. Spiro Brothers, Oneglia and other forgeries of base stamps and several forgeries of surcharge: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. Senf brother’s facsimiles of 13 or 18: Varro E. Tyler, “The Gebrüder Senf Facsimiles”, The American Philatelic Congress Book 34 (1968):192.
Vancouver Island cancellations, genuine and Sperati fakes: Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of B.N.A. Fakes, Forgeries & Counterfeits, Series II – Release 1: A detailed study of the B.N.A. forgeries of Jean de Sperati (Self published, Chilliwack, British Columbia, 2001), with Supplement No. 1, December, 2002, an inventory of his British Columbia forgeries is in the Supplement.
Fraudulent postmarks. Kenneth W. Pugh, Reference Manual of BNA Fakes, Forgeries and Counterfeits. Robson Lowe and Carl Walske, The Oneglia Engraved Forgeries, p.42.
Spiro Brothers, Fournier, Sperati, Pannelli and Crown fraudulent postmarks. E.A. Smythies, B.N.A. Fakes And Forgeries, pp.49,95,97.
Spiro Brothers fraudulent postmark: E.A. Smythies, “The Spiro Forgeries of BNA”, The London Philatelist, Vol. 82 (May 1973): 110, continued at (June 1973): 137, on p.110.
Oneglia fraudulent postmarks: Robson Lowe and Carl Walske, The Oneglia Engraved Forgeries, p.42.