Duchy of Parma
Genuine vs. Forgeries
The genuine characteristics are the same for all stamps in the series.
Genuine characteristics
Genuine #9
Genuine #9 “Oily Printing”
Dr. Avi certificate
Forgery
Spiro forgeries – sheet of 25
Genuine #10
Biondi certificate
Genuine #11
Fournier forgery
Inverted frame forgery
Thanks to perf12 for analysis of Parma forgeries
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Stampforgeries.com