Forged Stamps of German Offices in China

• Forerunners (vorläufer): Genuine cancels: Albert Friedmann, The Stamps and Cancels of the German Colonies and the German Post Offices Abroad, pp.96, 141-46. German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China, Postal Stationary „Vorlaufer“). Fraudulent cancellations, Boxer Rebellion: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“ (German Post Offices in China, Boxer Rebellion “Forerunner“).
• 1-6. Overprinted issue of 1898. Fournier and another forgeries of overprint. German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China 1-6, Types I and II). Fournier fraudulent cancellation: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, pp.40,41 (Yvert, China, German Post Offices 1-6). The Gee-Ma Forgeries, p.11. Fraudulent cancellations: Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 28, p.107. For Fournier forgery of the basic stamp, see German East Africa 1-10.
• 16. 5pf on 10pf Foochow issue of 1898. Forged surcharge: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China 7 II). R.B. Earée, Album Weeds/ How to Detect Forged Stamps (Third Edition), Vol. 1, p.391.
• 17-23. Tientsin issue, handstamped, 1900. Six forged overprints: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China 8-14, so-called Tientsin Isue). Peter Winter forged overprint: Robson Lowe, “The House of Stamps: Germany”, Stamp Magazine (U.K.), Vol. 61 (April 1995): 84-88. Fraudulent cancellations: Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 28, p.110.
• 22. 5m Kaiser’s Yacht, 1901. Fraudulent cancellation: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China VI n)
  Fraudulent cancellations, Boxer Rebellion: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“ (German Post Offices in China, Boxer Rebellion Forgery).
• 24-36A. Overprinted regular issue of 1901. Ten forged overprints: Bernard Friedrich and other fraudulent postmarks: German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (Michel German Offices in China 15-27 Fraudulent Overprints); Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 28, p.111.
• 37-56. Surcharged issues of 1905 and 1906-13. Fournier fraudulent postmarks: The Serrane Guide/ Stamp Forgeries of the World to 1926, p.41 (Yvert China, German Post Offices 9-48). Fraudulent postmarks: Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 28, p.113.
• Genuine postmarks. Albert Friedmann, The Stamps and Cancels of the German Colonies and the German Post Offices Abroad, pp.127-36, 141-46. E.N. Lane, “The German Post Office in China”, Journal of Chinese Philately, Vol. 18 (April 1971): 235-52, continued at (June 1971): 262-79 (translation of the German language “History of the Philatelic Documents of the German Post in China”, Dipl. Wirtschaftler H – Zimmermann). Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 6, pp.62-65.
• Fraudulent postmarks made by Bernhard Friedrich since May, 1977 and other fraudulent cancellations. German Philatelic Society Reference Manual of Forgeries, Vol. 10, “German Post Offices Abroad“, (“German Offices in China, Cancellations 1895-1913 three sheets). Located after “German Offices in China Michel Nos.15-27“.
• Forged overprints and postmarks: Albert Friedmann, The Stamps and Cancels of the German Colonies and the German Post Offices Abroad, pp.161-68.
• Fournier forged cancellations: Fritz Billig, Billig’s Philatelic Handbook, Vol. 9, p.26.

Source: The Tedesco Index